Module:Language

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This module is used by {{wikt-lang}}. It is inspired by the templates [[wikt:Template:m|Template:((mTemplate:))]] and [[wikt:Template:l|Template:((lTemplate:))]] and their associated modules on Wiktionary. It has a Wiktionary link function that links to the correct section of the Wiktionary entry, and applies correct language formatting and italics. The language-tagging function does most of what {{lang}} does, except that italics can't be customized and categories aren't added.

The module uses Module:Language/data to retrieve the language name for a language code, and to perform the necessary entry-name replacements (for instance, removing macrons from Latin entry names). These are unfortunately not automatically retrieved from Wiktionary's language data modules. For language codes that do not have a name value in this module, the language name is fetched with mw.language.fetchLanguage. When mw.language.fetchLanguage does not fetch the correct language name (or any language name at all), please add it to Module:language/data, and similarly when the correct entry name is not generated, please add the entry name replacements to the module.

Examples

• Template:Mlx -> language
• Template:Mlx -> languages
• Template:Mlx -> bourguignon
• Template:Mlx -> homō
• Template:Mlx -> δημοκρατίᾱ
• Template:Mlx -> язы́к
• Template:Mlx -> العَرَبِيَّة
• Template:Mlx -> فارسی
• Template:Mlx -> *h₂enǵʰ-

Invalid codes

• Template:Mlx -> language
• Template:Mlx -> languages
• Template:Mlx -> homō
• Template:Mlx -> δημοκρατίᾱ
• Template:Mlx -> язы́к
• Template:Mlx -> العَرَبِيَّة
• Template:Mlx -> فارسی

Errors

• Template:Mlx -> language [Latin is not a valid script code.]

Tracking categories

• Category:Language module errors (0)
• Category:Language module reconstructed with no asterisk (0)
• Category:Language module using redirect code (0)

The above documentation is transcluded from Module:Language/doc. (edit | history)
Editors can experiment in this module's sandbox (create | mirror) and testcases (create) pages.
Subpages of this module.

require('strict')
local m_data = mw.loadData("Module:Language/data")
local langData = m_data.languages or m_data

local p = {}

local function ifNotEmpty(value)
	if value == "" then
		return nil
	else
		return value
	end
end

local function makeLinkedName(languageCode)
	local data = langData[languageCode]
	local article = data["article"]
	local name = data["Wikipedia_name"] or data["name"]
	return "[[" .. article .. "|" .. name .. "]]: "
end

local function makeEntryName(word, languageCode)
	local data = langData[languageCode]
	local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub
	word = tostring(word)
	if word == nil then
		error("The function makeEntryName requires a string argument")
	elseif word == "" then
		return ""
	else
		-- Remove bold and italics, so that words that contain bolding or emphasis can be linked without piping.
		word = word:gsub("\'\'\'", "")
		word = word:gsub("\'\'", "")
		if data == nil then
			return word
		else
			local replacements = data and data["replacements"]
			if replacements == nil then
				return word
			else
				-- Decompose so that the diacritics of characters such
				-- as á can be removed in one go.
				-- No need to compose at the end, because the MediaWiki software
				-- will handle that.
				if replacements.decompose then
					word = mw.ustring.toNFD(word)
					for i, from in ipairs(replacements.from) do
						word = ugsub(
							word,
							from,
							replacements.to and replacements.to[i] or "")
					end
				else
					for regex, replacement in pairs(replacements) do
						word = ugsub(word, regex, replacement)
					end
				end
				return word
			end
		end
	end
end

p.makeEntryName = makeEntryName

local function fixScriptCode(firstLetter, threeLetters)
	return string.upper(firstLetter) .. string.lower(threeLetters)
end

local function getCodes(codes, text)
	local languageCode, scriptCode, invalidCode
	local errorText
	if codes == nil or codes == "" then
		errorText = 'no language or script code provided'
	elseif codes:find("^%a%a%a?$") or codes:find("^%a%a%a?%-%a%a%a%a$") then
		-- A three- or two-letter lowercase sequence at beginning of first parameter
		languageCode =
			codes:find("^%a%a%a?") and (
				codes:match("^(%l%l%l?)")
				or codes:match("^(%a%a%a?)")
					:gsub("(%a%a%a?)", string.lower, 1)
			)
		-- One uppercase and three lowercase letters at the end of the first parameter
		scriptCode =
			codes:find("%a%a%a%a$") and (
				codes:match("(%u%l%l%l)$")
				or gsub(
					codes:match("(%a%a%a%a)$"),
					"(%a)(%a%a%a)",
					fixScriptCode,
					1
				)
			)
	elseif codes:find("^%a%a%a?%-%a%a%a?$")
	or codes:find("^%a%a%a%-%a%a%a%-%a%a%a$") then
		languageCode = codes
	
	-- Private-use subtag: x followed by one or more sequences of 1-8 lowercase
	-- letters separated by hyphens. This only allows for one sequence, as it is
	-- needed for proto-languages such as ine-x-proto (Proto-Indo-European).
	elseif codes:find("^%a%a%a?%-x%-%a%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?$") then
		languageCode, scriptCode =
			codes:match("^(%a%a%a%-x%-%a%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?%a?)%-?(.*)$")
		if not languageCode then
			errorText = '<code>'..codes..'</code> is not a valid language or script code.'
		elseif scriptCode ~= "" and not scriptCode:find("%a%a%a%a") then
			errorText = '<code>'..scriptCode..'</code> is not a valid script code.'
		else
			scriptCode = scriptCode:gsub(
				"(%a)(%a%a%a)",
				fixScriptCode,
				1
			)
		end
	elseif codes:find("^%a%a%a?") then
		languageCode, invalidCode = codes:match("^(%a%a%a?)%-?(.*)")
		languageCode = string.lower(languageCode)
		errorText = '<code>'..invalidCode..'</code> is not a valid script code.'
	elseif codes:find("%-?%a%a%a%a$") then
		invalidCode, scriptCode = codes:match("(.*)%-?(%a%a%a%a)$")
		scriptCode = gsub(
			scriptCode,
			"(%a)(%a%a%a)",
			fixScriptCode
		)
		errorText = '<code>'..invalidCode..'</code> is not a valid language code.'
	else
		errorText = '<code>'..codes..'</code> is not a valid language or script code.'
	end
	if not scriptCode or scriptCode == "" then
		scriptCode = require("Module:Unicode data").is_Latin(text) and "Latn" or "unknown"
	end
	if errorText then
		errorText = ' <span style="font-size: smaller">[' .. errorText .. ']</span>'
	else
		errorText = ""
	end
	languageCode = m_data.redirects[languageCode] or languageCode
	return languageCode, scriptCode, errorText
end

local function tag(text, languageCode, script, italics)
	local data = langData[languageCode]
	-- Use Wikipedia code if it has been given: for instance,
	-- Proto-Indo-European has the Wiktionary code "ine-pro" but the Wikipedia
	-- code "ine-x-proto".
	languageCode = data and data.Wikipedia_code or languageCode
	
	local italicize = script == "Latn" and italics
	
	if not text then text = "[text?]" end
	
	local textDirectionMarkers = { "", "", "" }
	if data and data["direction"] == "rtl" then
		textDirectionMarkers = { ' dir="rtl"', '&rlm;', '&lrm;' }
	end
	
	local out = { textDirectionMarkers[2] }
	if italicize then
		table.insert(out, "<i lang=\"" .. languageCode .. "\"" .. textDirectionMarkers[1] .. ">" .. text .. "</i>")
	else
		table.insert(out, "<span lang=\"" .. languageCode .. "\"" .. textDirectionMarkers[1] .. ">" .. text .. "</span>")
	end
	table.insert(out, textDirectionMarkers[3])
	
	return table.concat(out)
end



function p.lang(frame)
	local parent = frame:getParent()
	local args = parent.args[1] and parent.args or frame.args
	
	local codes = args[1] and mw.text.trim(args[1])
	local text = args[2] or error("Provide text in the second parameter")
	
	local languageCode, scriptCode, errorText = getCodes(codes, text)
	
	local italics = args.italics or args.i or args.italic
	italics = not (italics == "n" or italics == "-" or italics == "no")
	
	return tag(text, languageCode, scriptCode, italics) .. errorText
end

local function linkToWiktionary(entry, linkText, languageCode)
	local data = langData[languageCode]
	local name
	if languageCode then
		if data and data.name then
			name = data.name
		else
			-- On other languages' wikis, use mw.getContentLanguage():getCode(),
			-- or replace 'en' with that wiki's language code.
			name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName(languageCode, 'en')
			if name == "" then
				error("Name for the language code " .. ("%q"):format(languageCode or nil)
					.. " could not be retrieved with mw.language.fetchLanguageName, "
					.. "so it should be added to [[Module:Language/data]]")
			end
		end
		if entry:sub(1, 1) == "*" then
			if name ~= "" then
				entry = "Reconstruction:" .. name .. "/" .. entry:sub(2)
			else
				error("Language name is empty")
			end
		elseif data and data.type == "reconstructed" then
			mw.log("Reconstructed language without asterisk:", languageCode, name, entry)
			local frame = mw.getCurrentFrame()
			-- Track reconstructed entries with no asterisk by transcluding
			-- a nonexistent template. This technique is used in Wiktionary:
			-- see [[wikt:Module:debug]].
			-- [[Special:WhatLinksHere/tracking/wikt-lang/reconstructed with no asterisk]]
			pcall(frame.expandTemplate, frame,
				{ title = 'tracking/wikt-lang/reconstructed with no asterisk' })
			if name ~= "" then
				entry = "Reconstruction:" .. name .. "/" .. entry
			else
				error("Language name is empty")
			end
		elseif data and data.type == "appendix" then
			if name ~= "" then
				entry = "Appendix:" .. name .. "/" .. entry
			else
				error("Language name is empty")
			end
		end
		if entry and linkText then
			return "[[wikt:" .. entry .. "#" .. name .. "|" .. linkText .. "]]"
		else
			error("linkToWiktionary needs a Wiktionary entry or link text, or both")
		end
	else
		return "[[wikt:" .. entry .. "|" .. linkText .. "]]"
	end
end

function p.wiktlang(frame)
	local parent = frame:getParent()
	local args = parent.args[1] and parent.args or frame.args
	
	local codes = args[1] and mw.text.trim(args[1])
	local word1 = ifNotEmpty(args[2])
	local word2 = ifNotEmpty(args[3])
	
	if not args[2] then
		error("Parameter 2 is required")
	end
	
	local languageCode, scriptCode, errorText = getCodes(codes, word2 or word1)
	
	local italics = args.italics or args.i or args.italic
	italics = not (italics == "n" or italics == "-" or italics == "no")
	
	local entry, linkText
	if word2 and word1 then
		entry = makeEntryName(word1, languageCode)
		linkText = word2
	elseif word1 then
		entry = makeEntryName(word1, languageCode)
		linkText = word1
	end
	
	local out
	if languageCode and entry and linkText then
		out = tag(linkToWiktionary(entry, linkText, languageCode), languageCode, scriptCode, italics)
	elseif entry and linkText then
		out = linkToWiktionary(entry, linkText)
	else
		out = '<span style="font-size: smaller;">[text?]</span>'
	end
	
	if out and errorText then
		return out .. errorText
	else
		return errorText or error("The function wiktlang generated nothing")
	end
end

function p.wikt(frame)
	local parent = frame:getParent()
	local args = parent.args[1] and parent.args or frame.args
	
	local codes = args[1] and mw.text.trim(args[1])
	local word1 = ifNotEmpty(args[2])
	local word2 = ifNotEmpty(args[3])
	
	if not word1 then
		error("Provide a word in parameter 2.")
	end
	
	local languageCode, scriptCode, errorText = getCodes(codes, word1)
	
	local entry, linkText
	if word2 and word1 then
		entry = makeEntryName(word1, languageCode)
		linkText = word2
	elseif word1 then
		entry = makeEntryName(word1, languageCode)
		linkText = word1
	end
	
	local out
	if languageCode and entry and linkText then
		out = linkToWiktionary(entry, linkText, languageCode) 
	elseif entry and linkText then
		out = linkToWiktionary(entry, linkText)
	else
		out = '<span style="font-size: smaller;">[text?]</span>'
	end
	
	if out and errorText then
		return out and out .. errorText
	else
		return errorText or error("The function wikt generated nothing")
	end
end

return p